[nix] Use niv and poetry2nix to more easily manage dependencies (#11181)

* [nix] Update nixpkgs to avoid issues with Big Sur

The older nixpkgs snapshot did not contain nix changes to the
compiler/linker hooks that are necessary for compatibility with MacOS
Big Sur. The fix is simply to update to a newer snapshot.

* [nix] Add a poetry manifest and use poetry to build the Python env

* [nix] Use niv to manage upstream sources like nixpkgs

* [nix] Update to newer nixpkgs snapshot

* [nix] Bump python package versions

.gitattributes

@@ -92,3 +92,4 @@ GRAPHICS
 # hex files
 *.hex binary
 *.eep binary
+nix/sources.nix linguist-generated=true